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个人中心收藏查看我的收藏0有用+10播报讨论上传视频较高级弹簧（1.8159）是符合欧洲标准EN 10089-2002的较高级弹簧钢，广泛应用于汽车悬挂系统、工业机械及高负荷弹簧制造领域。其化学成分包含碳（0.47%-0.55%）、铬（0.90%-1.20%）、钒（0.10%-0.25%）等元素，通过钒细化晶粒提升强度与韧性，并降低过热敏感性。该材料经850℃油淬及500℃回火处理，抗拉强度≥1274MPa，屈服强度≥1127MPa，疲劳寿命达300万次，工作温度上限为300℃。相比60Si2Mn弹簧钢，在高温下性能更稳定，适用于更大直径的阀门弹簧、活塞弹簧等高载荷场景，剪切/扭转许用应力≥1050MPa。焊接时需采用氩弧焊并配合280℃回火处理，以平衡接头韧性与母材弹性。外文名
执行标准:EN 10089-2002.
解    释一种较高级弹簧
应    用较大截面的高负荷重要弹簧等

目录
1用途2物理性能3焊接性能
用途
播报编辑是一种较高级弹簧，用作较大截面的高负荷重要弹簧及工作温度＜300 ℃的阀门弹簧、活塞弹簧、安全阀弹簧。
物理性能
播报编辑化学成份50CrVA(1.8159)弹簧钢(7张)碳 C ：0.47～0.55硅 Si：≤0.40锰 Mn：0.70～1.10硫 S ：≤0.030磷 P ：≤0.030铬 Cr：0.90～1.20镍 Ni：≤0.35铜 Cu：≤0.25钒 V ：0.10～0.25力学性能抗拉强度 σb (MPa)：≥1274(130)屈服强度 σs (MPa)：≥1127(115)伸长率 δ5 (%)：≥10断面收缩率 ψ (%)：≥40硬度 ：热轧,≤321HB;冷拉+热处理,≤321HB热处理规范及金相组织热处理规范：淬火850℃±20℃,油冷; 回火500℃±50℃(特殊需要时,±30℃)。●交货状态：热轧钢材以热处理或不热处理状态交货，冷拉钢材以热处理状态交货。60Si2Mn与两者都是弹簧钢，机械性能相近。60Si2Mn力学性能：σs≥1176Mpa，σb≥1274Mpa，δs≥5%，ψ≥25%力学性能：σs≥1175Mpa，σb≥1500Mpa，δs≥6%，ψ≥40%，剪切和扭转许用应力≥1050Mpa。疲劳寿命达到300万次；剪切和扭转许用应力≥1050Mpa。的工作温度可达300摄氏度，60Si2Mn只达250度。另外，60Si2Mn多用于板簧、蜗卷簧和30mm线径以下弹簧的制造，多用于直径较大的弹簧制造。
焊接性能
播报编辑氩弧焊对焊工艺为了减小电极的消耗，选择直流正接进行线材的对焊试验，即选用直流电源，线材接电源的正极，钨极接电源的负极。含1%或2%氧化钍的钨极发射电子效率高，电流承载能力好，且抗污染性能好，引弧容易并且电弧比较稳定。为了便于操作，选择直径为2 mm的较细的钍钨极，并且电极前端磨尖。由于氩气较低的电弧电压特性对于薄板和线材的手弧焊特别有益，因此选择氩气做保护气体。试验选用直流手工氩弧焊机，焊接前，将钢丝两端头仔细磨平，为防止焊点产生气孔，用丙酮将端头油污清洗干净。将两端磨平的线材放在平整洁净的对正板，使两端头对正，接头处不留间隙，用压铁压住接头两侧。将线材接焊机正极，钨极接负极，分别将电流调至20 A，15 A，10 A，8 A进行焊接。焊接时，在接头旁边引燃点弧并使之燃烧稳定，将电弧移至接头处使接头金属熔化后迅速将电弧熄灭，同时轻微施加顶锻力，冷却后即完成焊接过程，焊接过程中不使用填充焊丝。试验发现，当焊接电流为20 A时，电弧燃烧剧烈，接头处金属飞溅严重，焊点塌陷严重。当电流调至15 A时，电弧燃烧较平稳，熔池飞溅少，但焊缝仍有塌陷。但电流降至10 A时，引弧容易，电弧燃烧稳定，焊缝处没有塌陷现象。图2为焊接电流10 A时，用数码相机在Leica MZ6型体视显微镜下拍下的焊接接头形状。可以看出，接头的圆柱度较好，将其打磨后能满足线锯的要求。当电流调至8 A以下时，引弧困难且电弧不稳定，难以完成焊接过程。焊接接头试验由于51crv4钢具有过热倾向，因此焊接热影响区对接头的力学性能影响很大。直径0.7 mm的65Mn钢丝经氩弧焊对焊后接头处非常硬脆，轻轻折弯焊点处，就会在熔合线或焊缝处脆断，断口呈明显的脆性断裂形貌。所得接头由焊缝和热影响区组成，沿接头轴线测试从焊缝中心至母材各个区域的显微硬度。测量结果表明，从母材到热影响区及焊缝中部，显微硬度急剧增加，焊缝中部硬度达HV 1 060，这说明热影响区及焊缝中部生成了硬脆组织。对于这种具有硬脆组织的接头，为了提高其韧性和塑性，降低其硬度，获得硬度、强度、塑性和韧性的适当配合，必须对焊接接头进行适当的回火处理。热处理后，应将热影响区的脆性消除，同时应能使母材保持一定的强度和弹性。回火在箱式电阻炉内进行，回火工艺见表1。将回火后的钢丝焊接接头处仔细打磨，使其直径与母材直径大致相等，再在WE-50拉伸试验机上进行拉伸试验。每种回火处理的试样取三根，取其拉力的平均值。由试验可以看出，330℃以上热处理后，母材弹性基本消失，且断裂均发生在母材处，而不发生在焊点及其热影响区，这说明热处理后虽然热影响区的脆性完全消失，但母材的强度被大大削落（经试验，所用母材的抗拉强度为1 663 MPa）。260℃保温10 min时，虽然材料弹性基本不变，但热影响区的脆性不能消除。当加热温度为280℃，保温10 min时效果最好，热影响区的抗拉强度只比母材降低20%左右，而母材的弹性消失较小。将280℃回火处理的焊头沿轴线方向测试纵剖面上各个区的显微硬度，发现焊缝处的最高硬度值降低到HV 500左右，比未处理时的硬度降低大约1倍。 焊好的环形钢丝不但应能满足一定的强度和弹性要求，而且具有一定的疲劳强度.新手上路成长任务编辑入门编辑规则本人编辑我有疑问内容质疑在线客服官方贴吧意见反馈投诉建议举报不良信息未通过词条申诉投诉侵权信息封禁查询与解封©2025 Baidu 使用百度前必读 | 百科协议 | 隐私政策 | 百度百科合作平台 | 京ICP证030173号 京公网安备11000002000001号window.PAGE_DATA= 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10089-2002."}]}]}],"right":[{"key":"customDefault","title":"解释","isArray":false,"delimiter":"","data":[{"dataType":"text","text":[{"tag":"text","text":"一种较高级弹簧"}]}]},{"key":"application","title":"应用","isArray":false,"delimiter":"","data":[{"dataType":"text","text":[{"tag":"text","text":"较大截面的高负荷重要弹簧等"}]}]}]},"lemmaCnt":1,"tips":{"isPolyseme":0},"encodeLemmaId":"35fbbd5343cb960ada7ea3e9","versionUk":"f-9p_Ybl9okHER8hxbIZkQ","description":"（1.8159）是符合欧洲标准EN 10089-2002的较高级弹簧钢，广泛应用于汽车悬挂系统、工业机械及高负荷弹簧制造领域。其化学成分包含碳（0...."}window.__abbaidu_2020_subidgetf||(window.__abbaidu_2020_subidgetf=function(){return"01000000"}) 简介51CrV4(1.8159)弹簧钢良好的力学性能和工艺性能，淬透性较高，加入钒使钢的晶粒细化，降低过热敏感性，提高了强度和韧性，具有高的疲劳强度，屈服比也较高，但焊接性差，冷因变形塑性低。用途51CrV4是一种较高级弹簧，用作较大截面的高负荷重要弹簧及工作温度<300 ℃的阀门弹簧、活塞弹簧、安全阀弹簧。物理性能化学成份 50CrVA(1.8159)弹簧钢(7张) 碳 C ：0.47～0.55硅 Si：≤0.40锰 Mn：0.70～1.10硫 S ：≤0.030磷 P ：≤0.030铬 Cr：0.90～1.20镍 Ni：≤0.35铜 Cu：≤0.25钒 V ：0.10～0.25力学性能抗拉强度 σb (MPa)：≥1274(130)屈服强度 σs (MPa)：≥1127(115)伸长率 δ5 (%)：≥10断面收缩率 ψ (%)：≥40硬度 ：热轧,≤321HB;冷拉+热处理,≤321HB热处理规范及金相组织热处理规范：淬火850℃±20℃,油冷; 回火500℃±50℃(特殊需要时,±30℃)。●交货状态：热轧钢材以热处理或不热处理状态交货，冷拉钢材以热处理状态交货。60Si2Mn与51CrV4两者都是弹簧钢，机械性能相近。60Si2Mn力学性能：σs≥1176Mpa，σb≥1274Mpa，δs≥5%，ψ≥25%51CrV4力学性能：σs≥1175Mpa，σb≥1500Mpa，δs≥6%，ψ≥40%，剪切和扭转许用应力≥1050Mpa。疲劳寿命达到300万次；剪切和扭转许用应力≥1050Mpa。51CrV4的工作温度可达300摄氏度，60Si2Mn只达250度。另外，60Si2Mn多用于板簧、蜗卷簧和30mm线径以下弹簧的制造，51CrV4多用于直径较大的弹簧制造。焊接性能氩弧焊对焊工艺为了减小电极的消耗，选择直流正接进行线材的对焊试验，即选用直流电源，线材接电源的正极，钨极接电源的负极。含1%或2%氧化钍的钨极发射电子效率高，电流承载能力好，且抗污染性能好，引弧容易并且电弧比较稳定。为了便于操作，选择直径为2 mm的较细的钍钨极，并且电极前端磨尖。由于氩气较低的电弧电压特性对于薄板和线材的手弧焊特别有益，因此选择氩气做保护气体。试验选用直流手工氩弧焊机，焊接前，将钢丝两端头仔细磨平，为防止焊点产生气孔，用丙酮将端头油污清洗干净。将两端磨平的线材放在平整洁净的对正板，使两端头对正，接头处不留间隙，用压铁压住接头两侧。将线材接焊机正极，钨极接负极，分别将电流调至20 A，15 A，10 A，8 A进行焊接。焊接时，在接头旁边引燃点弧并使之燃烧稳定，将电弧移至接头处使接头金属熔化后迅速将电弧熄灭，同时轻微施加顶锻力，冷却后即完成焊接过程，焊接过程中不使用填充焊丝。试验发现，当焊接电流为20 A时，电弧燃烧剧烈，接头处金属飞溅严重，焊点塌陷严重。当电流调至15 A时，电弧燃烧较平稳，熔池飞溅少，但焊缝仍有塌陷。但电流降至10 A时，引弧容易，电弧燃烧稳定，焊缝处没有塌陷现象。图2为焊接电流10 A时，用数码相机在Leica MZ6型体视显微镜下拍下的焊接接头形状。可以看出，接头的圆柱度较好，将其打磨后能满足线锯的要求。当电流调至8 A以下时，引弧困难且电弧不稳定，难以完成焊接过程。焊接接头试验由于51crv4钢具有过热倾向，因此焊接热影响区对接头的力学性能影响很大。直径0.7 mm的65Mn钢丝经氩弧焊对焊后接头处非常硬脆，轻轻折弯焊点处，就会在熔合线或焊缝处脆断，断口呈明显的脆性断裂形貌。所得接头由焊缝和热影响区组成，沿接头轴线测试从焊缝中心至母材各个区域的显微硬度。测量结果表明，从母材到热影响区及焊缝中部，显微硬度急剧增加，焊缝中部硬度达HV 1 060，这说明热影响区及焊缝中部生成了硬脆组织。对于这种具有硬脆组织的接头，为了提高其韧性和塑性，降低其硬度，获得硬度、强度、塑性和韧性的适当配合，必须对焊接接头进行适当的回火处理。热处理后，应将热影响区的脆性消除，同时应能使母材保持一定的强度和弹性。回火在箱式电阻炉内进行，回火工艺见表1。将回火后的钢丝焊接接头处仔细打磨，使其直径与母材直径大致相等，再在WE-50拉伸试验机上进行拉伸试验。每种回火处理的试样取三根，取其拉力的平均值。由试验可以看出，330℃以上热处理后，母材弹性基本消失，且断裂均发生在母材处，而不发生在焊点及其热影响区，这说明热处理后虽然热影响区的脆性完全消失，但母材的强度被大大削落（经试验，所用母材的抗拉强度为1 663 MPa）。260℃保温10 min时，虽然材料弹性基本不变，但热影响区的脆性不能消除。当加热温度为280℃，保温10 min时效果最好，热影响区的抗拉强度只比母材降低20%左右，而母材的弹性消失较小。将280℃回火处理的焊头沿轴线方向测试纵剖面上各个区的显微硬度，发现焊缝处的最高硬度值降低到HV 500左右，比未处理时的硬度降低大约1倍。 焊好的环形钢丝不但应能满足一定的强度和弹性要求，而且具有一定的疲劳强度.