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个人中心收藏查看我的收藏0有用+10GH4169播报讨论上传视频沉淀强化镍基高温合金GH4169是一种沉淀强化镍基高温合金，在-253～650℃温度范围内具有良好的综合性能，650℃以下的屈服强度居变形高温合金的首位，并具有良好的抗疲劳、抗辐射、抗氧化、耐腐蚀性能，以及良好的加工性能、焊接性能良好。能够制造各种形状复杂的零部件，在宇航、核能、石油工业及挤压模具中，在上述温度范围内获得了极为广泛的应用。外文名GH4169
主要形式棒材、板材，带材、管材
主要用途航空发动机、核能工业、石油领域应用的零件
特    点合金组织对热加工工艺特别敏感
制    造各种形状复杂的零部件
熔化温度范围1260~1320℃

目录
1材料介绍▪材料牌号▪相近牌号▪技术标准▪化学成分▪热处理制度▪规格与状态▪工艺▪应用与要求2功能考核3物化性能▪热性能▪密度▪磁能型▪化学性能4使用建议5性能要求▪预热▪热加工▪冷加工▪热处理▪打磨▪机加工▪焊接
材料介绍
播报编辑GH4169带材样件该合金的另一特点是合金组织对热加工工艺特别敏感，掌握合金中相析出和溶解规律及组织与工艺、性能的相互关系，可针对不同的使用要求制定合理、可行的工艺规程，就能获得可满足不同强度级别和使用要求的各种零件。供应的品种有锻件、锻棒、轧棒、冷轧棒、圆饼、环件、板、带、丝、管等。可制成盘、环、叶片、轴、紧固件和弹性元件、板材结构件、机匣等零部件在航空上长期使用。 [1]材料牌号GH4169GH169相近牌号Inconel718（美国），NC19FeNb法国技术标准GJB 2612-1996 《焊接用高温合金冷拉丝材规范》HB 6702-1993 《WZ8系列用GH4169合金棒材》Q/6S 1034-1992 《高温紧固件用GH4169合金棒材》Q/3B 548-1996 《GH4169合金锻件》Q/3B 548-1996 《GH4169合金锻件》Q/3B 4048-1993 《YZGH4169合金棒材》Q/3B 4050-1993 《GH4169合金板材》Q/3B 4051-1993 《GH4169合金丝材》GB/T14992-2005 《高温合金》化学成分该合金的化学成分分为3类：标准成分、优质成分、高纯成分，件表1-1。优质成分的在标准成分的基础上降碳增铌，从而减少碳化铌的数量，减少疲劳源和增强强化相的数量，提高抗疲劳的含量，提高材料的纯度和综合性能。核能应用的GH4169合金，需控制硼的含量（其他元素成分不变），具体含量有工序双方协商确定。当ω（B）≤0.002%时，为与宇航工业用的GH4169合金加以区别，合金牌号为GH4169A。表1-1类别CCrNiCoMoAlTiFe标准≤0.0817.0~21.050~55.0≤1.02.80~3.300.30~0.700.75~1.15余优质0.02~0.0617.0~21.050~55.0≤1.02.80~3.300.30~0.700.75~1.15余高纯0.02~0.0617.0~21.050~55.0≤1.02.80~3.300.30~0.700.75~1.15余类别NbBMgMnSiPSCuCa--不大于不大于不大于不大于不大于不大于不大于不大于标准4.75~5.500.0060.010.350.350.0150.0150.300.01优质5.00~5.500.0060.010.350.350.0150.0150.300.01高纯5.00~5.500.0060.0050.350.350.0150.0150.300.005类别BiSnPbAgSeTeTlNO-不大于不大于不大于不大于不大于不大于不大于不大于不大于标准------0.0005---0.0003------------优质0.0010.0050.0010.0010.0003------0.010.01高纯0.000030.0050.0010.0010.00030.000050.00010.010.005热处理制度合金具有不同的热处理制度，以控制晶粒度、控制δ相形貌、分布和数量，从而获得不同级别的力学性能。合金热处理制度分3类：Ⅰ：(1010~1065)℃±10℃，1h，油冷、空冷或水冷+720℃±5℃，8h，以50℃/h炉冷至620℃±5℃，8h，空冷。经此制度处理的材料晶粒粗化，晶界和晶内均无δ相，存在缺口敏感性，但对提高冲击性能和抵抗低温氢脆有利。Ⅱ：(950~980)℃±10℃，1h，油冷、空冷或水冷+720℃±5℃，8h，以50℃/h炉冷至620℃±5℃，8h，空冷。Ⅲ：720℃±5℃，8h，以50℃/h炉冷至620℃±5℃，8h，空冷。经此制度处理后，材料中的δ相较少，能提高材料的强度和冲击性能。该制度也称为直接时效热处理制度。规格与状态可供应模锻件（盘、盘整体锻件）、饼、环、棒（锻棒、轧棒、冷拉棒）、板、丝、带、管、不同形状和尺寸的紧固件、弹性元件等。交货状态有供需双方商定。丝材以商定的交货状态成盘装交货。工艺合金的冶炼工艺分为3类：真空感应电渣重熔；真空感应加真空电弧重熔；真空感应加电渣重熔加真空电弧重熔。可根据零件的使用要求，选择所需的冶炼工艺，满足应用要求。应用与要求制造航空和航天发动机中各种静止件和转动件，如盘、环件、机匣、轴、叶片、紧固件、弹性元件、燃气导管、密封元件等和焊接结构件；制造核能工业应用的各种弹性元件和格架；制造石油和化工领域应用的零件及其他零件。近年来，在对该合金研究不断深化和对该合金应用不断扩大的基础上，为提高质量和降低成本，发展了很多工艺：真空电弧重熔时采用氦气冷却工艺，有效的减轻铌偏析；采用喷射成形工艺生产环件，降低成本和缩短生产周期；采用超塑成形工艺，扩大产品的生产范围。
功能考核
播报编辑用该合金制造的涡轮盘、甩油盘、整体转子、轴、紧固件等零件已按照发动机所用的型号规范，在发动机零、部件试验中通过了超转、破裂、低循环疲劳试验；通过了高空台试车个长期（寿命）试车及试飞发射的考核，达到了设计和应用的要求。
物化性能
播报编辑热性能2.1.1 GH4169 熔化温度范围1260~1320℃2.1.2 GH4169 导热率见表2-1表2-1θ/℃111002003004005006007008009001000λ/（W/（m·C））13.414.715.717.818.319.621.222.823.627.630.42.1.3 GH4169 比热容见表2-2。表2-2θ/℃3004005006007008009001000c/（J/（kg·C））481.4493.9514.8539.0573.4615.3657.2707.42.1.4 GH4169 线膨胀系数见表2-3。表2-3θ/℃20~10020~20020~30020~40020~50020~60020~70020~80020~90020~1000α/10-6C-111.813.013.514.114.414.815.417.018.418.7密度ρ=8.24g/cm3磁能型合金无磁性化学性能2.5.1 GH4169 抗氧化性能在空气介质中试验100h后的氧化速率见表2-4表2-4θ/℃6007008009001000氧化速率/（g/(m3·h））0.01760.02770.03510.09610.1620
使用建议
播报编辑推荐使用，使用中必须避免出现超过材料承受性能的应力集中。
性能要求
播报编辑3.1 GH4169性能3.1.1因GH4169合金中铌含量高，合金中的铌偏析成份都与冶金工艺直接相关。电渣重熔和真空电弧熔炼的熔炼速度和电极棒的质量状态直接影响材质的优劣。熔速快，易形成富铌的黑斑；熔速慢，会形成贫铌的白斑；电极棒表面质量差和电极棒内部有裂纹，均易导致白斑的形成，所以，提高电极棒质量和控制熔速及提高钢锭的凝固速率是冶炼工艺的关键因素。为避免钢锭中的元素偏析过重，采用的钢锭直径不大于508mm。品均化工艺必须确保钢锭中的L相完全溶解。钢锭两阶段均匀化和中间坯二次均匀化处理的时间，根据钢锭和中间坯的直径而定。均匀化工艺的控制与材料中铌的偏析程度直接相关。生产中采用的1160℃，20h+1180℃，44h的均匀化工艺，尚不足以消除钢锭中心的偏析，因此建议采用以下工艺：1.1150℃~1160℃，20h~30h+1180℃~1190℃，110h~130h；2.1160℃，24h+1200℃，70h。3.1.2 经均匀化处理的合金具有良好的热加工性能。钢锭的开坯加热温度不得超过1120℃。锻件的锻造工艺应根据锻件使用状况和应用要求，结合生产厂的条件而定。开坯和生产锻件时，中间退火温度和终端温度必须根据零件所需要的组织状态和性能来确定，一般情况下，锻造的终端温度控制在930℃~950℃之间为宜。各类锻件的锻造温度和变形程度见表5-1表3-1锻件类别第一次锻造第一次锻造第二次锻造第二次锻造晶粒度/级晶粒度/级-加热温度/℃变形量/%加热温度/℃变形量/%基本晶粒个别大晶粒普通1065~1090---1040~1065---4~6允许高强1040~1065---1010~104030~508≥2直接时效995~1025>50970~995>5010≥2预热工件在加热之前和加热过程中都必须进行表面清理，保持表面清洁。若加热环境含有硫、磷、铅或其他低熔点金属，GH4169合金将变脆。杂质来源于做标记的油漆、粉笔、润滑油、水、燃料等。燃料的硫含量要低，如液化气和天然气的杂质含量要低于0.1%，城市煤气的硫含量要低于0.25g/m3，石油气的硫含量低于0.5%是理想的。加热的电炉最好要具有较精确的控温能力，炉气必须为中性或弱碱性，应避免炉气成分在氧化性和还原性中波动。热加工GH4169合金合适的热加工温度为1120-900℃，冷却方式可以是水淬或其他快速冷却方式，热加工后应及时退火以保证得到最佳的性能。热加工时材料应加热到加工温度的上限，为了保证加工时的塑性，变形量达到20%时的终加工温度不应低于960℃。冷加工冷加工应在固溶处理后进行，GH4169的加工硬化率大于奥氏体不锈钢，因此加工设备应作相应调整，并且在冷加工过程中应有中间退火过程。热处理不同的固溶处理和时效处理工艺会得到不同的材料性能。由于γ”相的扩散速率较低，所以通过长时间的时效处理能使GH4169合金获得最佳的机械性能。打磨在GH4169工件焊缝附近的氧化物要比不锈钢的更难以去除，需要用细砂带打磨，在硝酸和氢氟酸的混合酸中酸洗之前，也要用砂纸去除氧化物或进行盐浴预处理。机加工GH4169的机加工需在固溶处理后进行，要考虑到材料的加工硬化性，与奥氏体不锈钢不同的是， GH4169适合采用低表面切削速度。焊接沉淀硬化型的GH4169合金很适合于焊接，无焊后开裂倾向。适焊性、易加工性、高强度是这种材料的几大优点。GH4169适合于电弧焊、等离子焊等。在焊接前，材料表面要洁净、无油污、无粉笔记号等，焊缝周围25mm 范围内要打磨露出光亮的金属。GH4169 推荐使用的焊接材料：GTAW/GMAWNicrofer S 5219W.-Nr. 2.4667SG-NiCr19NbMoTiAWS A 5.14 ERNiFeCr-2BS 2901 Part 5: NA 51新手上路成长任务编辑入门编辑规则本人编辑我有疑问内容质疑在线客服官方贴吧意见反馈投诉建议举报不良信息未通过词条申诉投诉侵权信息封禁查询与解封©2025 Baidu 使用百度前必读 | 百科协议 | 隐私政策 | 百度百科合作平台 | 京ICP证030173号 京公网安备11000002000001号window.PAGE_DATA= 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GH4169（GH169） 一、GH4169 概述     GH4169合金是以体心四方的γ"和面心立方的γ′相沉淀强化的镍基高温合金，在-253～700℃温度范围内具有良好的综合性能,650℃以 下的屈服强度居变形高温合金的首位,并具有良好的抗疲劳、抗辐射、抗氧化、耐腐蚀性能,以及良好的加工性能、焊接性能和长期组织稳定性，能够制造各种形状 复杂的零部件，在宇航、核能、石油工业中，在上述温度范围内获得了极为广泛的应用。    该合金的另一特点是合金组织对热加工工艺特别敏感，掌握合金中相析出和溶解规律及组织与工艺、性能间的相互关系，可针对不同的使用要求制定合理、 可行的工艺规程，就能获得可满足不同强度级别和使用要求的各种零件。供应的品种有锻件、锻棒、轧棒、冷轧棒、圆饼、环件、板、带、丝、管等。可制成盘、 环、叶片、轴、紧固件和弹性元件、板材结构件、机匣等零部件在航空上长期使用。    1.1 GH4169 材料牌号  GH4169(GH169)1.2 GH4169 相近牌号  Inconel 718(美国),NC19FeNb(法 国)1.3 GH4169 材料的技术标准GJB 2612-1996 《焊接用高温合金冷拉丝材规范》HB 6702-1993 《WZ8系列用GH4169合金棒材》GJB 3165  《航空承力件用高温合金热轧和锻制棒材规范》GJB 1952 《航空用高温合金冷轧薄板规范》GJB 1953《 航空发动机转动件用高温合金热轧棒材规范》GJB 2612 《焊接用高温合金冷拉丝材规范》GJB 3317《 航空用高温合金热轧板材规范》GJB 2297 《航空用高温合金冷拔（轧）无缝管规范》GJB 3020 《航空用高温合金环坯规范》GJB 3167 《冷镦用高温合金冷拉丝材规范》GJB 3318 《航空用高温合金冷轧带材规范》GJB 2611《 航空用高温合金冷拉棒材规范》YB/T5247 《焊接用高温合金冷拉丝》YB/T5249 《冷镦用高温合金冷拉丝》YB/T5245 《普通承力件用高温合金热轧和锻制棒材》GB/T14993《 转动部件用高温合金热轧棒材》GB/T14994 《高温合金冷拉棒材》GB/T14995 《高温合金热轧板》GB/T14996 《高温合金冷轧薄板》GB/T14997 《高温合金锻制圆饼》GB/T14998 《高温合金坯件毛坏》GB/T14992 《高温合金和金属间化合物高温材料的分类和牌号》HB 5199《 航空用高温合金冷轧薄板》HB 5198 《航空叶片用变形高温合金棒材》HB 5189 《航空叶片用变形高温合金棒材》HB 6072 《WZ8系列用GH4169合金棒材》1.4 GH4169 化学成分  该合金的化学成分分为3类：标准成分、优质成分、高纯成分，见表1-1。优质成分的在标准成分的基础上降碳增铌，从而 减少碳化铌的数量，减少疲劳源和增加强化相的数量，提高抗疲劳性能和材料强度。同时减少有害杂质和气体含量。高纯成分是在优质标准基础上降低硫和有害杂质 的含量，提高材料纯度和综合性能。核能应用的GH4169合金，需控制硼含量（其他元素成分不变），具体含量由供需双方协商确定。当ω（B）≤0.002%时，为与宇航工业用的GH4169合金加以区别，合金牌号为GH4169A。表1-1[1] %类别C  Cr  Ni  Co  Mo Al  Ti  Fe标准≤0.08 17.0~21.0 50.0~55.0 ≤1.02.80~3.30 0.30~0.70 0.75~1.15 余优质0.02~0.06 17.0~21.0 50.0~55.0 ≤1.0 2.80~3.30 0.30~0.70 0.75~1.15 余高纯0.02~0.06 17.0~21.0 50.0~55.0 ≤1.0 2.80~3.30 0.30~0.70 0.75~1.15 余类别NbB Mg Mn Si P S CuCa不大于标准4.75~5.500.0060.010.350.350.0150.0150.300.01优质5.00~5.500.006 0.010.350.350.0150.0150.300.01高纯5.00~5.500.0060.0050.350.350.0150.0020.300.005续表1-1 %类别BiSnPbAg SeTeTlN O不大于标准------0.0005---0.0003